Smash out monero-bulletproofs

Removes usage of dalek-ff-group/multiexp for curve25519-dalek. Makes compiling in the generators an optional feature. Adds a structured batch verifier which should be notably more performant. Documentation and clean up still necessary.
2025-12-11 13:39:25 +00:00 · 2024-06-15 17:00:11 -04:00
parent 798ffc9b28
commit f7c13fd1ca
32 changed files with 716 additions and 502 deletions
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -4751,6 +4751,22 @@ dependencies = [
 "zeroize",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "monero-bulletproofs"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "curve25519-dalek",
+ "hex-literal",
+ "monero-generators",
+ "monero-io",
+ "monero-primitives",
+ "rand_core",
+ "std-shims",
+ "subtle",
+ "thiserror",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "monero-clsag"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -4819,6 +4835,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "hex",
 "hex-literal",
 "modular-frost",
+ "monero-bulletproofs",
 "monero-clsag",
 "monero-generators",
 "monero-io",
@@ -8079,6 +8096,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "dleq",
 "flexible-transcript",
 "minimal-ed448",
+ "monero-bulletproofs",
 "monero-clsag",
 "monero-generators",
 "monero-io",
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ members = [
  "coins/monero/generators",
  "coins/monero/primitives",
  "coins/monero/ringct/clsag",
+  "coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs",
  "coins/monero",

  "message-queue",
--- a/coins/monero/Cargo.toml
+++ b/coins/monero/Cargo.toml
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ rand_distr = { version = "0.4", default-features = false }
 sha3 = { version = "0.10", default-features = false }
 pbkdf2 = { version = "0.12", features = ["simple"], default-features = false }

-curve25519-dalek = { version = "4", default-features = false, features = ["alloc", "zeroize", "precomputed-tables"] }
+curve25519-dalek = { version = "4", default-features = false, features = ["alloc", "zeroize"] }

 # Used for the hash to curve, along with the more complicated proofs
 group = { version = "0.13", default-features = false }
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ monero-io = { path = "io", version = "0.1", default-features = false }
 monero-generators = { path = "generators", version = "0.4", default-features = false }
 monero-primitives = { path = "primitives", version = "0.1", default-features = false }
 monero-clsag = { path = "ringct/clsag", version = "0.1", default-features = false }
+monero-bulletproofs = { path = "ringct/bulletproofs", version = "0.1", default-features = false }

 hex-literal = "0.4"
 hex = { version = "0.4", default-features = false, features = ["alloc"] }
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ std = [
  "monero-generators/std",
  "monero-primitives/std",
  "monero-clsag/std",
+  "monero-bulletproofs/std",

  "hex/std",
  "serde/std",
@@ -104,6 +106,7 @@ std = [
  "base58-monero/std",
 ]

+compile-time-generators = ["curve25519-dalek/precomputed-tables", "monero-bulletproofs/compile-time-generators"]
 http-rpc = ["digest_auth", "simple-request", "tokio"]
 multisig = ["transcript", "frost", "monero-clsag/multisig", "std"]
 binaries = ["tokio/rt-multi-thread", "tokio/macros", "http-rpc"]
--- a/coins/monero/build.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/build.rs
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-use std::{
-  io::Write,
-  env,
-  path::Path,
-  fs::{File, remove_file},
-};
-
-use dalek_ff_group::EdwardsPoint;
-
-use monero_generators::bulletproofs_generators;
-
-fn serialize(generators_string: &mut String, points: &[EdwardsPoint]) {
-  for generator in points {
-    generators_string.extend(
-      format!(
-        "
-          dalek_ff_group::EdwardsPoint(
-            curve25519_dalek::edwards::CompressedEdwardsY({:?}).decompress().unwrap()
-          ),
-        ",
-        generator.compress().to_bytes()
-      )
-      .chars(),
-    );
-  }
-}
-
-fn generators(prefix: &'static str, path: &str) {
-  let generators = bulletproofs_generators(prefix.as_bytes());
-  #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-  let mut G_str = String::new();
-  serialize(&mut G_str, &generators.G);
-  #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-  let mut H_str = String::new();
-  serialize(&mut H_str, &generators.H);
-
-  let path = Path::new(&env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap()).join(path);
-  let _ = remove_file(&path);
-  File::create(&path)
-    .unwrap()
-    .write_all(
-      format!(
-        "
-          pub(crate) static GENERATORS_CELL: OnceLock<Generators> = OnceLock::new();
-          pub fn GENERATORS() -> &'static Generators {{
-            GENERATORS_CELL.get_or_init(|| Generators {{
-              G: vec![
-                {G_str}
-              ],
-              H: vec![
-                {H_str}
-              ],
-            }})
-          }}
-        ",
-      )
-      .as_bytes(),
-    )
-    .unwrap();
-}
-
-fn main() {
-  println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=build.rs");
-
-  generators("bulletproof", "generators.rs");
-  generators("bulletproof_plus", "generators_plus.rs");
-}
--- a/coins/monero/generators/Cargo.toml
+++ b/coins/monero/generators/Cargo.toml
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ std = [
  "subtle/std",

  "sha3/std",
-  "curve25519-dalek/precomputed-tables",

  "group/alloc",
  "dalek-ff-group/std",
--- a/coins/monero/generators/src/lib.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/generators/src/lib.rs
@@ -6,10 +6,7 @@ use std_shims::{sync::OnceLock, vec::Vec};

 use sha3::{Digest, Keccak256};

-use curve25519_dalek::edwards::{EdwardsPoint as DalekPoint};
-
-use group::{Group, GroupEncoding};
-use dalek_ff_group::EdwardsPoint;
+use curve25519_dalek::{constants::ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT, edwards::EdwardsPoint};

 use monero_io::{write_varint, decompress_point};

@@ -23,24 +20,26 @@ fn keccak256(data: &[u8]) -> [u8; 32] {
  Keccak256::digest(data).into()
 }

-static H_CELL: OnceLock<DalekPoint> = OnceLock::new();
+static H_CELL: OnceLock<EdwardsPoint> = OnceLock::new();
 /// Monero's `H` generator.
 ///
 /// Contrary to convention (`G` for values, `H` for randomness), `H` is used by Monero for amounts
 /// within Pedersen commitments.
 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-pub fn H() -> DalekPoint {
+pub fn H() -> EdwardsPoint {
  *H_CELL.get_or_init(|| {
-    decompress_point(keccak256(&EdwardsPoint::generator().to_bytes())).unwrap().mul_by_cofactor()
+    decompress_point(keccak256(&ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT.compress().to_bytes()))
+      .unwrap()
+      .mul_by_cofactor()
  })
 }

-static H_POW_2_CELL: OnceLock<[DalekPoint; 64]> = OnceLock::new();
+static H_POW_2_CELL: OnceLock<[EdwardsPoint; 64]> = OnceLock::new();
 /// Monero's `H` generator, multiplied by 2**i for i in 1 ..= 64.
 ///
 /// This table is useful when working with amounts, which are u64s.
 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-pub fn H_pow_2() -> &'static [DalekPoint; 64] {
+pub fn H_pow_2() -> &'static [EdwardsPoint; 64] {
  H_POW_2_CELL.get_or_init(|| {
    let mut res = [H(); 64];
    for i in 1 .. 64 {
@@ -79,11 +78,11 @@ pub fn bulletproofs_generators(dst: &'static [u8]) -> Generators {

    let mut even = preimage.clone();
    write_varint(&i, &mut even).unwrap();
-    res.H.push(EdwardsPoint(hash_to_point(keccak256(&even))));
+    res.H.push(hash_to_point(keccak256(&even)));

    let mut odd = preimage.clone();
    write_varint(&(i + 1), &mut odd).unwrap();
-    res.G.push(EdwardsPoint(hash_to_point(keccak256(&odd))));
+    res.G.push(hash_to_point(keccak256(&odd)));
  }
  res
 }
--- a/coins/monero/primitives/Cargo.toml
+++ b/coins/monero/primitives/Cargo.toml
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ std = [
  "zeroize/std",

  "sha3/std",
-  "curve25519-dalek/precomputed-tables",

  "monero-generators/std",
 ]
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/Cargo.toml
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+[package]
+name = "monero-bulletproofs"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Bulletproofs(+) range proofs, as defined by the Monero protocol"
+license = "MIT"
+repository = "https://github.com/serai-dex/serai/tree/develop/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs"
+authors = ["Luke Parker <lukeparker5132@gmail.com>"]
+edition = "2021"
+rust-version = "1.79"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+all-features = true
+rustdoc-args = ["--cfg", "docsrs"]
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+std-shims = { path = "../../../../common/std-shims", version = "^0.1.1", default-features = false }
+
+thiserror = { version = "1", default-features = false, optional = true }
+
+rand_core = { version = "0.6", default-features = false }
+zeroize = { version = "^1.5", default-features = false, features = ["zeroize_derive"] }
+subtle = { version = "^2.4", default-features = false }
+
+# Cryptographic dependencies
+curve25519-dalek = { version = "4", default-features = false, features = ["alloc", "zeroize"] }
+
+# Other Monero dependencies
+monero-io = { path = "../../io", version = "0.1", default-features = false }
+monero-generators = { path = "../../generators", version = "0.4", default-features = false }
+monero-primitives = { path = "../../primitives", version = "0.1", default-features = false }
+
+[build-dependencies]
+curve25519-dalek = { version = "4", default-features = false, features = ["alloc", "zeroize"] }
+monero-generators = { path = "../../generators", version = "0.4", default-features = false }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+hex-literal = "0.4"
+
+[features]
+std = [
+  "std-shims/std",
+
+  "thiserror",
+
+  "rand_core/std",
+  "zeroize/std",
+  "subtle/std",
+
+  "monero-io/std",
+  "monero-generators/std",
+  "monero-primitives/std",
+]
+compile-time-generators = ["curve25519-dalek/precomputed-tables"]
+default = ["std"]
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/LICENSE
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2022-2024 Luke Parker
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/README.md
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Monero Bulletproofs(+)
+
+Bulletproofs(+) range proofs, as defined by the Monero protocol.
+
+This library is usable under no-std when the `std` feature (on by default) is
+disabled.
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/build.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+use std::{
+  io::Write,
+  env,
+  path::Path,
+  fs::{File, remove_file},
+};
+
+#[cfg(feature = "compile-time-generators")]
+fn generators(prefix: &'static str, path: &str) {
+  use curve25519_dalek::EdwardsPoint;
+
+  use monero_generators::bulletproofs_generators;
+
+  fn serialize(generators_string: &mut String, points: &[EdwardsPoint]) {
+    for generator in points {
+      generators_string.extend(
+        format!(
+          "
+          curve25519_dalek::edwards::CompressedEdwardsY({:?}).decompress().unwrap(),
+        ",
+          generator.compress().to_bytes()
+        )
+        .chars(),
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  let generators = bulletproofs_generators(prefix.as_bytes());
+  #[allow(non_snake_case)]
+  let mut G_str = String::new();
+  serialize(&mut G_str, &generators.G);
+  #[allow(non_snake_case)]
+  let mut H_str = String::new();
+  serialize(&mut H_str, &generators.H);
+
+  let path = Path::new(&env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap()).join(path);
+  let _ = remove_file(&path);
+  File::create(&path)
+    .unwrap()
+    .write_all(
+      format!(
+        "
+          static GENERATORS_CELL: OnceLock<Generators> = OnceLock::new();
+          pub(crate) fn GENERATORS() -> &'static Generators {{
+            GENERATORS_CELL.get_or_init(|| Generators {{
+              G: vec![
+                {G_str}
+              ],
+              H: vec![
+                {H_str}
+              ],
+            }})
+          }}
+        ",
+      )
+      .as_bytes(),
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "compile-time-generators"))]
+fn generators(prefix: &'static str, path: &str) {
+  let path = Path::new(&env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap()).join(path);
+  let _ = remove_file(&path);
+  File::create(&path)
+    .unwrap()
+    .write_all(
+      format!(
+        r#"
+        static GENERATORS_CELL: OnceLock<Generators> = OnceLock::new();
+        pub(crate) fn GENERATORS() -> &'static Generators {{
+          GENERATORS_CELL.get_or_init(|| {{
+            monero_generators::bulletproofs_generators(b"{prefix}")
+          }})
+        }}
+      "#,
+      )
+      .as_bytes(),
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+}
+
+fn main() {
+  println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=build.rs");
+
+  generators("bulletproof", "generators.rs");
+  generators("bulletproof_plus", "generators_plus.rs");
+}
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/batch_verifier.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/batch_verifier.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+use curve25519_dalek::{
+  constants::ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT,
+  traits::{IsIdentity, VartimeMultiscalarMul},
+  scalar::Scalar,
+  edwards::EdwardsPoint,
+};
+
+use monero_generators::{H, Generators};
+
+use crate::{original, plus};
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub(crate) struct InternalBatchVerifier {
+  pub(crate) g: Scalar,
+  pub(crate) h: Scalar,
+  pub(crate) g_bold: Vec<Scalar>,
+  pub(crate) h_bold: Vec<Scalar>,
+  pub(crate) other: Vec<(Scalar, EdwardsPoint)>,
+}
+
+impl InternalBatchVerifier {
+  pub fn new() -> Self {
+    Self { g: Scalar::ZERO, h: Scalar::ZERO, g_bold: vec![], h_bold: vec![], other: vec![] }
+  }
+
+  #[must_use]
+  pub fn verify(self, G: EdwardsPoint, H: EdwardsPoint, generators: &Generators) -> bool {
+    let capacity = 2 + self.g_bold.len() + self.h_bold.len() + self.other.len();
+    let mut scalars = Vec::with_capacity(capacity);
+    let mut points = Vec::with_capacity(capacity);
+
+    scalars.push(self.g);
+    points.push(G);
+
+    scalars.push(self.h);
+    points.push(H);
+
+    for (i, g_bold) in self.g_bold.into_iter().enumerate() {
+      scalars.push(g_bold);
+      points.push(generators.G[i]);
+    }
+
+    for (i, h_bold) in self.h_bold.into_iter().enumerate() {
+      scalars.push(h_bold);
+      points.push(generators.H[i]);
+    }
+
+    for (scalar, point) in self.other {
+      scalars.push(scalar);
+      points.push(point);
+    }
+
+    EdwardsPoint::vartime_multiscalar_mul(scalars, points).is_identity()
+  }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub(crate) struct BulletproofsBatchVerifier(pub(crate) InternalBatchVerifier);
+impl BulletproofsBatchVerifier {
+  #[must_use]
+  pub fn verify(self) -> bool {
+    self.0.verify(ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT, H(), original::GENERATORS())
+  }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub(crate) struct BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier(pub(crate) InternalBatchVerifier);
+impl BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier {
+  #[must_use]
+  pub fn verify(self) -> bool {
+    // Bulletproofs+ is written as per the paper, with G for the value and H for the mask
+    // Monero uses H for the value and G for the mask
+    self.0.verify(H(), ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT, plus::GENERATORS())
+  }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct BatchVerifier {
+  pub(crate) original: BulletproofsBatchVerifier,
+  pub(crate) plus: BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier,
+}
+impl BatchVerifier {
+  pub fn new() -> Self {
+    Self {
+      original: BulletproofsBatchVerifier(InternalBatchVerifier::new()),
+      plus: BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier(InternalBatchVerifier::new()),
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[must_use]
+  pub fn verify(self) -> bool {
+    self.original.verify() && self.plus.verify()
+  }
+}
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/core.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/core.rs
@@ -1,42 +1,44 @@
 use std_shims::{vec::Vec, sync::OnceLock};

 use rand_core::{RngCore, CryptoRng};
-
 use subtle::{Choice, ConditionallySelectable};

-use curve25519_dalek::edwards::EdwardsPoint as DalekPoint;
-
-use group::{ff::Field, Group};
-use dalek_ff_group::{Scalar, EdwardsPoint};
-
-use multiexp::multiexp as multiexp_const;
+use curve25519_dalek::{
+  constants::ED25519_BASEPOINT_TABLE,
+  traits::{MultiscalarMul, VartimeMultiscalarMul},
+  scalar::Scalar,
+  edwards::EdwardsPoint,
+};

 pub(crate) use monero_generators::Generators;
+use monero_primitives::{INV_EIGHT, Commitment, keccak256_to_scalar};

-use crate::{INV_EIGHT as DALEK_INV_EIGHT, H as DALEK_H, Commitment, hash_to_scalar as dalek_hash};
-pub(crate) use crate::ringct::bulletproofs::scalar_vector::*;
-
-#[inline]
-pub(crate) fn INV_EIGHT() -> Scalar {
-  Scalar(DALEK_INV_EIGHT())
-}
-
-#[inline]
-pub(crate) fn H() -> EdwardsPoint {
-  EdwardsPoint(DALEK_H())
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn hash_to_scalar(data: &[u8]) -> Scalar {
-  Scalar(dalek_hash(data))
-}
+pub(crate) use crate::scalar_vector::*;

 // Components common between variants
+// TODO: Move to generators? primitives?
 pub(crate) const MAX_M: usize = 16;
 pub(crate) const LOG_N: usize = 6; // 2 << 6 == N
 pub(crate) const N: usize = 64;

-pub(crate) fn prove_multiexp(pairs: &[(Scalar, EdwardsPoint)]) -> EdwardsPoint {
-  multiexp_const(pairs) * INV_EIGHT()
+pub(crate) fn multiexp(pairs: &[(Scalar, EdwardsPoint)]) -> EdwardsPoint {
+  let mut buf_scalars = Vec::with_capacity(pairs.len());
+  let mut buf_points = Vec::with_capacity(pairs.len());
+  for (scalar, point) in pairs {
+    buf_scalars.push(scalar);
+    buf_points.push(point);
+  }
+  EdwardsPoint::multiscalar_mul(buf_scalars, buf_points)
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn multiexp_vartime(pairs: &[(Scalar, EdwardsPoint)]) -> EdwardsPoint {
+  let mut buf_scalars = Vec::with_capacity(pairs.len());
+  let mut buf_points = Vec::with_capacity(pairs.len());
+  for (scalar, point) in pairs {
+    buf_scalars.push(scalar);
+    buf_points.push(point);
+  }
+  EdwardsPoint::vartime_multiscalar_mul(buf_scalars, buf_points)
 }

 pub(crate) fn vector_exponent(
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ pub(crate) fn hash_cache(cache: &mut Scalar, mash: &[[u8; 32]]) -> Scalar {
  let slice =
    &[cache.to_bytes().as_ref(), mash.iter().copied().flatten().collect::<Vec<_>>().as_ref()]
      .concat();
-  *cache = hash_to_scalar(slice);
+  *cache = keccak256_to_scalar(slice);
  *cache
 }

@@ -88,11 +90,11 @@ pub(crate) fn bit_decompose(commitments: &[Commitment]) -> (ScalarVector, Scalar
  (aL, aR)
 }

-pub(crate) fn hash_commitments<C: IntoIterator<Item = DalekPoint>>(
+pub(crate) fn hash_commitments<C: IntoIterator<Item = EdwardsPoint>>(
  commitments: C,
 ) -> (Scalar, Vec<EdwardsPoint>) {
-  let V = commitments.into_iter().map(|c| EdwardsPoint(c) * INV_EIGHT()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-  (hash_to_scalar(&V.iter().flat_map(|V| V.compress().to_bytes()).collect::<Vec<_>>()), V)
+  let V = commitments.into_iter().map(|c| c * INV_EIGHT()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+  (keccak256_to_scalar(V.iter().flat_map(|V| V.compress().to_bytes()).collect::<Vec<_>>()), V)
 }

 pub(crate) fn alpha_rho<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ pub(crate) fn alpha_rho<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
  aR: &ScalarVector,
 ) -> (Scalar, EdwardsPoint) {
  let ar = Scalar::random(rng);
-  (ar, (vector_exponent(generators, aL, aR) + (EdwardsPoint::generator() * ar)) * INV_EIGHT())
+  (ar, (vector_exponent(generators, aL, aR) + (ED25519_BASEPOINT_TABLE * &ar)) * INV_EIGHT())
 }

 pub(crate) fn LR_statements(
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ pub(crate) fn challenge_products(w: &[Scalar], winv: &[Scalar]) -> Vec<Scalar> {

  // Sanity check as if the above failed to populate, it'd be critical
  for w in &products {
-    debug_assert!(!bool::from(w.is_zero()));
+    debug_assert!(*w != Scalar::ZERO);
  }

  products
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/lib.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_auto_cfg))]
+#![doc = include_str!("../README.md")]
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
 #![allow(non_snake_case)]

 use std_shims::{
@@ -6,25 +9,39 @@ use std_shims::{
 };

 use rand_core::{RngCore, CryptoRng};
-
-use zeroize::{Zeroize, Zeroizing};
+use zeroize::Zeroizing;

 use curve25519_dalek::edwards::EdwardsPoint;
-use multiexp::BatchVerifier;

-use crate::{Commitment, wallet::TransactionError, serialize::*};
+use monero_io::*;
+use monero_primitives::Commitment;

 pub(crate) mod scalar_vector;
 pub(crate) mod core;
-use self::core::LOG_N;
+use crate::core::LOG_N;
+
+pub mod batch_verifier;
+use batch_verifier::{InternalBatchVerifier, BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier, BatchVerifier};

 pub(crate) mod original;
-use self::original::OriginalStruct;
+use crate::original::OriginalStruct;

 pub(crate) mod plus;
-use self::plus::*;
+use crate::plus::*;

-pub(crate) const MAX_OUTPUTS: usize = self::core::MAX_M;
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
+
+pub const MAX_COMMITMENTS: usize = crate::core::MAX_M;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(thiserror::Error))]
+pub enum BulletproofError {
+  #[cfg_attr(feature = "std", error("no commitments to prove the range for"))]
+  NoCommitments,
+  #[cfg_attr(feature = "std", error("too many commitments to prove the range for"))]
+  TooManyCommitments,
+}

 /// Bulletproof enum, encapsulating both Bulletproofs and Bulletproofs+.
 #[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
@@ -45,7 +62,7 @@ impl Bulletproof {

  // https://github.com/monero-project/monero/blob/94e67bf96bbc010241f29ada6abc89f49a81759c/
  //   src/cryptonote_basic/cryptonote_format_utils.cpp#L106-L124
-  pub(crate) fn calculate_bp_clawback(plus: bool, n_outputs: usize) -> (usize, usize) {
+  pub fn calculate_bp_clawback(plus: bool, n_outputs: usize) -> (usize, usize) {
    #[allow(non_snake_case)]
    let mut LR_len = 0;
    let mut n_padded_outputs = 1;
@@ -66,7 +83,7 @@ impl Bulletproof {
    (bp_clawback, LR_len)
  }

-  pub(crate) fn fee_weight(plus: bool, outputs: usize) -> usize {
+  pub fn fee_weight(plus: bool, outputs: usize) -> usize {
    #[allow(non_snake_case)]
    let (bp_clawback, LR_len) = Bulletproof::calculate_bp_clawback(plus, outputs);
    32 * (Bulletproof::bp_fields(plus) + (2 * LR_len)) + 2 + bp_clawback
@@ -76,12 +93,12 @@ impl Bulletproof {
  pub fn prove<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
    rng: &mut R,
    outputs: &[Commitment],
-  ) -> Result<Bulletproof, TransactionError> {
+  ) -> Result<Bulletproof, BulletproofError> {
    if outputs.is_empty() {
-      Err(TransactionError::NoOutputs)?;
+      Err(BulletproofError::NoCommitments)?;
    }
-    if outputs.len() > MAX_OUTPUTS {
-      Err(TransactionError::TooManyOutputs)?;
+    if outputs.len() > MAX_COMMITMENTS {
+      Err(BulletproofError::TooManyCommitments)?;
    }
    Ok(Bulletproof::Original(OriginalStruct::prove(rng, outputs)))
  }
@@ -90,12 +107,12 @@ impl Bulletproof {
  pub fn prove_plus<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
    rng: &mut R,
    outputs: Vec<Commitment>,
-  ) -> Result<Bulletproof, TransactionError> {
+  ) -> Result<Bulletproof, BulletproofError> {
    if outputs.is_empty() {
-      Err(TransactionError::NoOutputs)?;
+      Err(BulletproofError::NoCommitments)?;
    }
-    if outputs.len() > MAX_OUTPUTS {
-      Err(TransactionError::TooManyOutputs)?;
+    if outputs.len() > MAX_COMMITMENTS {
+      Err(BulletproofError::TooManyCommitments)?;
    }
    Ok(Bulletproof::Plus(
      AggregateRangeStatement::new(outputs.iter().map(Commitment::calculate).collect())
@@ -111,14 +128,14 @@ impl Bulletproof {
    match self {
      Bulletproof::Original(bp) => bp.verify(rng, commitments),
      Bulletproof::Plus(bp) => {
-        let mut verifier = BatchVerifier::new(1);
+        let mut verifier = BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier(InternalBatchVerifier::new());
        let Some(statement) = AggregateRangeStatement::new(commitments.to_vec()) else {
          return false;
        };
-        if !statement.verify(rng, &mut verifier, (), bp.clone()) {
+        if !statement.verify(rng, &mut verifier, bp.clone()) {
          return false;
        }
-        verifier.verify_vartime()
+        verifier.verify()
      }
    }
  }
@@ -129,20 +146,19 @@ impl Bulletproof {
  /// state.
  /// Returns true if the Bulletproof is sane, regardless of their validity.
  #[must_use]
-  pub fn batch_verify<ID: Copy + Zeroize, R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
+  pub fn batch_verify<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
    &self,
    rng: &mut R,
-    verifier: &mut BatchVerifier<ID, dalek_ff_group::EdwardsPoint>,
-    id: ID,
+    verifier: &mut BatchVerifier,
    commitments: &[EdwardsPoint],
  ) -> bool {
    match self {
-      Bulletproof::Original(bp) => bp.batch_verify(rng, verifier, id, commitments),
+      Bulletproof::Original(bp) => bp.batch_verify(rng, &mut verifier.original, commitments),
      Bulletproof::Plus(bp) => {
        let Some(statement) = AggregateRangeStatement::new(commitments.to_vec()) else {
          return false;
        };
-        statement.verify(rng, verifier, id, bp.clone())
+        statement.verify(rng, &mut verifier.plus, bp.clone())
      }
    }
  }
@@ -158,7 +174,7 @@ impl Bulletproof {
        write_point(&bp.S, w)?;
        write_point(&bp.T1, w)?;
        write_point(&bp.T2, w)?;
-        write_scalar(&bp.taux, w)?;
+        write_scalar(&bp.tau_x, w)?;
        write_scalar(&bp.mu, w)?;
        specific_write_vec(&bp.L, w)?;
        specific_write_vec(&bp.R, w)?;
@@ -168,19 +184,19 @@ impl Bulletproof {
      }

      Bulletproof::Plus(bp) => {
-        write_point(&bp.A.0, w)?;
-        write_point(&bp.wip.A.0, w)?;
-        write_point(&bp.wip.B.0, w)?;
-        write_scalar(&bp.wip.r_answer.0, w)?;
-        write_scalar(&bp.wip.s_answer.0, w)?;
-        write_scalar(&bp.wip.delta_answer.0, w)?;
-        specific_write_vec(&bp.wip.L.iter().copied().map(|L| L.0).collect::<Vec<_>>(), w)?;
-        specific_write_vec(&bp.wip.R.iter().copied().map(|R| R.0).collect::<Vec<_>>(), w)
+        write_point(&bp.A, w)?;
+        write_point(&bp.wip.A, w)?;
+        write_point(&bp.wip.B, w)?;
+        write_scalar(&bp.wip.r_answer, w)?;
+        write_scalar(&bp.wip.s_answer, w)?;
+        write_scalar(&bp.wip.delta_answer, w)?;
+        specific_write_vec(&bp.wip.L, w)?;
+        specific_write_vec(&bp.wip.R, w)
      }
    }
  }

-  pub(crate) fn signature_write<W: Write>(&self, w: &mut W) -> io::Result<()> {
+  pub fn signature_write<W: Write>(&self, w: &mut W) -> io::Result<()> {
    self.write_core(w, |points, w| write_raw_vec(write_point, points, w))
  }

@@ -203,7 +219,7 @@ impl Bulletproof {
      S: read_point(r)?,
      T1: read_point(r)?,
      T2: read_point(r)?,
-      taux: read_scalar(r)?,
+      tau_x: read_scalar(r)?,
      mu: read_scalar(r)?,
      L: read_vec(read_point, r)?,
      R: read_vec(read_point, r)?,
@@ -215,18 +231,16 @@ impl Bulletproof {

  /// Read a Bulletproof+.
  pub fn read_plus<R: Read>(r: &mut R) -> io::Result<Bulletproof> {
-    use dalek_ff_group::{Scalar as DfgScalar, EdwardsPoint as DfgPoint};
-
    Ok(Bulletproof::Plus(AggregateRangeProof {
-      A: DfgPoint(read_point(r)?),
+      A: read_point(r)?,
      wip: WipProof {
-        A: DfgPoint(read_point(r)?),
-        B: DfgPoint(read_point(r)?),
-        r_answer: DfgScalar(read_scalar(r)?),
-        s_answer: DfgScalar(read_scalar(r)?),
-        delta_answer: DfgScalar(read_scalar(r)?),
-        L: read_vec(read_point, r)?.into_iter().map(DfgPoint).collect(),
-        R: read_vec(read_point, r)?.into_iter().map(DfgPoint).collect(),
+        A: read_point(r)?,
+        B: read_point(r)?,
+        r_answer: read_scalar(r)?,
+        s_answer: read_scalar(r)?,
+        delta_answer: read_scalar(r)?,
+        L: read_vec(read_point, r)?.into_iter().collect(),
+        R: read_vec(read_point, r)?.into_iter().collect(),
      },
    }))
  }
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/original.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/original.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 use std_shims::{vec::Vec, sync::OnceLock};

 use rand_core::{RngCore, CryptoRng};
-
 use zeroize::Zeroize;

-use curve25519_dalek::{scalar::Scalar as DalekScalar, edwards::EdwardsPoint as DalekPoint};
+use curve25519_dalek::{constants::ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT, scalar::Scalar, edwards::EdwardsPoint};

-use group::{ff::Field, Group};
-use dalek_ff_group::{ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT as G, Scalar, EdwardsPoint};
+use monero_generators::H;
+use monero_primitives::{INV_EIGHT, Commitment, keccak256_to_scalar};

-use multiexp::{BatchVerifier, multiexp};
-
-use crate::{Commitment, ringct::bulletproofs::core::*};
+use crate::{
+  core::*,
+  batch_verifier::{InternalBatchVerifier, BulletproofsBatchVerifier},
+};

 include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/generators.rs"));

@@ -36,17 +36,17 @@ pub(crate) fn hadamard_fold(
 /// Internal structure representing a Bulletproof.
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
 pub struct OriginalStruct {
-  pub(crate) A: DalekPoint,
-  pub(crate) S: DalekPoint,
-  pub(crate) T1: DalekPoint,
-  pub(crate) T2: DalekPoint,
-  pub(crate) taux: DalekScalar,
-  pub(crate) mu: DalekScalar,
-  pub(crate) L: Vec<DalekPoint>,
-  pub(crate) R: Vec<DalekPoint>,
-  pub(crate) a: DalekScalar,
-  pub(crate) b: DalekScalar,
-  pub(crate) t: DalekScalar,
+  pub(crate) A: EdwardsPoint,
+  pub(crate) S: EdwardsPoint,
+  pub(crate) T1: EdwardsPoint,
+  pub(crate) T2: EdwardsPoint,
+  pub(crate) tau_x: Scalar,
+  pub(crate) mu: Scalar,
+  pub(crate) L: Vec<EdwardsPoint>,
+  pub(crate) R: Vec<EdwardsPoint>,
+  pub(crate) a: Scalar,
+  pub(crate) b: Scalar,
+  pub(crate) t: Scalar,
 }

 impl OriginalStruct {
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ impl OriginalStruct {
    let (mut rho, S) = alpha_rho(&mut *rng, generators, &sL, &sR);

    let y = hash_cache(&mut cache, &[A.compress().to_bytes(), S.compress().to_bytes()]);
-    let mut cache = hash_to_scalar(&y.to_bytes());
+    let mut cache = keccak256_to_scalar(y.to_bytes());
    let z = cache;

    let l0 = aL - z;
@@ -86,32 +86,32 @@ impl OriginalStruct {
    let r0 = ((aR + z) * &yMN) + &ScalarVector(zero_twos);
    let r1 = yMN * &sR;

-    let (T1, T2, x, mut taux) = {
+    let (T1, T2, x, mut tau_x) = {
      let t1 = l0.clone().inner_product(&r1) + r0.clone().inner_product(&l1);
      let t2 = l1.clone().inner_product(&r1);

      let mut tau1 = Scalar::random(&mut *rng);
      let mut tau2 = Scalar::random(&mut *rng);

-      let T1 = prove_multiexp(&[(t1, H()), (tau1, EdwardsPoint::generator())]);
-      let T2 = prove_multiexp(&[(t2, H()), (tau2, EdwardsPoint::generator())]);
+      let T1 = multiexp(&[(t1, H()), (tau1, ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT)]) * INV_EIGHT();
+      let T2 = multiexp(&[(t2, H()), (tau2, ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT)]) * INV_EIGHT();

      let x =
        hash_cache(&mut cache, &[z.to_bytes(), T1.compress().to_bytes(), T2.compress().to_bytes()]);

-      let taux = (tau2 * (x * x)) + (tau1 * x);
+      let tau_x = (tau2 * (x * x)) + (tau1 * x);

      tau1.zeroize();
      tau2.zeroize();
-      (T1, T2, x, taux)
+      (T1, T2, x, tau_x)
    };

    let mu = (x * rho) + alpha;
    alpha.zeroize();
    rho.zeroize();

-    for (i, gamma) in commitments.iter().map(|c| Scalar(c.mask)).enumerate() {
-      taux += zpow[i + 2] * gamma;
+    for (i, gamma) in commitments.iter().map(|c| c.mask).enumerate() {
+      tau_x += zpow[i + 2] * gamma;
    }

    let l = l0 + &(l1 * x);
@@ -120,12 +120,12 @@ impl OriginalStruct {
    let t = l.clone().inner_product(&r);

    let x_ip =
-      hash_cache(&mut cache, &[x.to_bytes(), taux.to_bytes(), mu.to_bytes(), t.to_bytes()]);
+      hash_cache(&mut cache, &[x.to_bytes(), tau_x.to_bytes(), mu.to_bytes(), t.to_bytes()]);

    let mut a = l;
    let mut b = r;

-    let yinv = y.invert().unwrap();
+    let yinv = y.invert();
    let yinvpow = ScalarVector::powers(yinv, MN);

    let mut G_proof = generators.G[.. a.len()].to_vec();
@@ -146,13 +146,13 @@ impl OriginalStruct {
      let (G_L, G_R) = G_proof.split_at(aL.len());
      let (H_L, H_R) = H_proof.split_at(aL.len());

-      let L_i = prove_multiexp(&LR_statements(&aL, G_R, &bR, H_L, cL, U));
-      let R_i = prove_multiexp(&LR_statements(&aR, G_L, &bL, H_R, cR, U));
+      let L_i = multiexp(&LR_statements(&aL, G_R, &bR, H_L, cL, U)) * INV_EIGHT();
+      let R_i = multiexp(&LR_statements(&aR, G_L, &bL, H_R, cR, U)) * INV_EIGHT();
      L.push(L_i);
      R.push(R_i);

      let w = hash_cache(&mut cache, &[L_i.compress().to_bytes(), R_i.compress().to_bytes()]);
-      let winv = w.invert().unwrap();
+      let winv = w.invert();

      a = (aL * w) + &(aR * winv);
      b = (bL * winv) + &(bR * w);
@@ -163,30 +163,17 @@ impl OriginalStruct {
      }
    }

-    let res = OriginalStruct {
-      A: *A,
-      S: *S,
-      T1: *T1,
-      T2: *T2,
-      taux: *taux,
-      mu: *mu,
-      L: L.drain(..).map(|L| *L).collect(),
-      R: R.drain(..).map(|R| *R).collect(),
-      a: *a[0],
-      b: *b[0],
-      t: *t,
-    };
+    let res = OriginalStruct { A, S, T1, T2, tau_x, mu, L, R, a: a[0], b: b[0], t };
    debug_assert!(res.verify(rng, &commitments_points));
    res
  }

  #[must_use]
-  fn verify_core<ID: Copy + Zeroize, R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
+  fn verify_core<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
    &self,
    rng: &mut R,
-    verifier: &mut BatchVerifier<ID, EdwardsPoint>,
-    id: ID,
-    commitments: &[DalekPoint],
+    verifier: &mut BulletproofsBatchVerifier,
+    commitments: &[EdwardsPoint],
  ) -> bool {
    // Verify commitments are valid
    if commitments.is_empty() || (commitments.len() > MAX_M) {
@@ -207,7 +194,7 @@ impl OriginalStruct {
    let (mut cache, commitments) = hash_commitments(commitments.iter().copied());
    let y = hash_cache(&mut cache, &[self.A.compress().to_bytes(), self.S.compress().to_bytes()]);

-    let z = hash_to_scalar(&y.to_bytes());
+    let z = keccak256_to_scalar(y.to_bytes());
    cache = z;

    let x = hash_cache(
@@ -217,18 +204,18 @@ impl OriginalStruct {

    let x_ip = hash_cache(
      &mut cache,
-      &[x.to_bytes(), self.taux.to_bytes(), self.mu.to_bytes(), self.t.to_bytes()],
+      &[x.to_bytes(), self.tau_x.to_bytes(), self.mu.to_bytes(), self.t.to_bytes()],
    );

    let mut w = Vec::with_capacity(logMN);
    let mut winv = Vec::with_capacity(logMN);
    for (L, R) in self.L.iter().zip(&self.R) {
      w.push(hash_cache(&mut cache, &[L.compress().to_bytes(), R.compress().to_bytes()]));
-      winv.push(cache.invert().unwrap());
+      winv.push(cache.invert());
    }

    // Convert the proof from * INV_EIGHT to its actual form
-    let normalize = |point: &DalekPoint| EdwardsPoint(point.mul_by_cofactor());
+    let normalize = |point: &EdwardsPoint| point.mul_by_cofactor();

    let L = self.L.iter().map(normalize).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let R = self.R.iter().map(normalize).collect::<Vec<_>>();
@@ -240,59 +227,70 @@ impl OriginalStruct {
    let commitments = commitments.iter().map(EdwardsPoint::mul_by_cofactor).collect::<Vec<_>>();

    // Verify it
-    let mut proof = Vec::with_capacity(4 + commitments.len());
-
    let zpow = ScalarVector::powers(z, M + 3);
-    let ip1y = ScalarVector::powers(y, M * N).sum();
-    let mut k = -(zpow[2] * ip1y);
-    for j in 1 ..= M {
-      k -= zpow[j + 2] * IP12();
-    }
-    let y1 = Scalar(self.t) - ((z * ip1y) + k);
-    proof.push((-y1, H()));
-
-    proof.push((-Scalar(self.taux), G));
-
-    for (j, commitment) in commitments.iter().enumerate() {
-      proof.push((zpow[j + 2], *commitment));
-    }
-
-    proof.push((x, T1));
-    proof.push((x * x, T2));
-    verifier.queue(&mut *rng, id, proof);
-
-    proof = Vec::with_capacity(4 + (2 * (MN + logMN)));
-    let z3 = (Scalar(self.t) - (Scalar(self.a) * Scalar(self.b))) * x_ip;
-    proof.push((z3, H()));
-    proof.push((-Scalar(self.mu), G));
-
-    proof.push((Scalar::ONE, A));
-    proof.push((x, S));

+    // First multiexp
    {
-      let ypow = ScalarVector::powers(y, MN);
-      let yinv = y.invert().unwrap();
-      let yinvpow = ScalarVector::powers(yinv, MN);
+      let verifier_weight = Scalar::random(rng);

-      let w_cache = challenge_products(&w, &winv);
+      let ip1y = ScalarVector::powers(y, M * N).sum();
+      let mut k = -(zpow[2] * ip1y);
+      for j in 1 ..= M {
+        k -= zpow[j + 2] * IP12();
+      }
+      let y1 = self.t - ((z * ip1y) + k);
+      verifier.0.h -= verifier_weight * y1;

-      let generators = GENERATORS();
-      for i in 0 .. MN {
-        let g = (Scalar(self.a) * w_cache[i]) + z;
-        proof.push((-g, generators.G[i]));
+      verifier.0.g -= verifier_weight * self.tau_x;

-        let mut h = Scalar(self.b) * yinvpow[i] * w_cache[(!i) & (MN - 1)];
-        h -= ((zpow[(i / N) + 2] * TWO_N()[i % N]) + (z * ypow[i])) * yinvpow[i];
-        proof.push((-h, generators.H[i]));
+      for (j, commitment) in commitments.iter().enumerate() {
+        verifier.0.other.push((verifier_weight * zpow[j + 2], *commitment));
+      }
+
+      verifier.0.other.push((verifier_weight * x, T1));
+      verifier.0.other.push((verifier_weight * (x * x), T2));
+    }
+
+    // Second multiexp
+    {
+      let verifier_weight = Scalar::random(rng);
+      let z3 = (self.t - (self.a * self.b)) * x_ip;
+      verifier.0.h += verifier_weight * z3;
+      verifier.0.g -= verifier_weight * self.mu;
+
+      verifier.0.other.push((verifier_weight, A));
+      verifier.0.other.push((verifier_weight * x, S));
+
+      {
+        let ypow = ScalarVector::powers(y, MN);
+        let yinv = y.invert();
+        let yinvpow = ScalarVector::powers(yinv, MN);
+
+        let w_cache = challenge_products(&w, &winv);
+
+        while verifier.0.g_bold.len() < MN {
+          verifier.0.g_bold.push(Scalar::ZERO);
+        }
+        while verifier.0.h_bold.len() < MN {
+          verifier.0.h_bold.push(Scalar::ZERO);
+        }
+
+        for i in 0 .. MN {
+          let g = (self.a * w_cache[i]) + z;
+          verifier.0.g_bold[i] -= verifier_weight * g;
+
+          let mut h = self.b * yinvpow[i] * w_cache[(!i) & (MN - 1)];
+          h -= ((zpow[(i / N) + 2] * TWO_N()[i % N]) + (z * ypow[i])) * yinvpow[i];
+          verifier.0.h_bold[i] -= verifier_weight * h;
+        }
+      }
+
+      for i in 0 .. logMN {
+        verifier.0.other.push((verifier_weight * (w[i] * w[i]), L[i]));
+        verifier.0.other.push((verifier_weight * (winv[i] * winv[i]), R[i]));
      }
    }

-    for i in 0 .. logMN {
-      proof.push((w[i] * w[i], L[i]));
-      proof.push((winv[i] * winv[i], R[i]));
-    }
-    verifier.queue(rng, id, proof);
-
    true
  }

@@ -300,24 +298,23 @@ impl OriginalStruct {
  pub(crate) fn verify<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
    &self,
    rng: &mut R,
-    commitments: &[DalekPoint],
+    commitments: &[EdwardsPoint],
  ) -> bool {
-    let mut verifier = BatchVerifier::new(1);
-    if self.verify_core(rng, &mut verifier, (), commitments) {
-      verifier.verify_vartime()
+    let mut verifier = BulletproofsBatchVerifier(InternalBatchVerifier::new());
+    if self.verify_core(rng, &mut verifier, commitments) {
+      verifier.verify()
    } else {
      false
    }
  }

  #[must_use]
-  pub(crate) fn batch_verify<ID: Copy + Zeroize, R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
+  pub(crate) fn batch_verify<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
    &self,
    rng: &mut R,
-    verifier: &mut BatchVerifier<ID, EdwardsPoint>,
-    id: ID,
-    commitments: &[DalekPoint],
+    verifier: &mut BulletproofsBatchVerifier,
+    commitments: &[EdwardsPoint],
  ) -> bool {
-    self.verify_core(rng, verifier, id, commitments)
+    self.verify_core(rng, verifier, commitments)
  }
 }
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/aggregate_range_proof.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/aggregate_range_proof.rs
@@ -1,35 +1,28 @@
 use std_shims::vec::Vec;

 use rand_core::{RngCore, CryptoRng};
-
 use zeroize::{Zeroize, ZeroizeOnDrop, Zeroizing};

-use multiexp::{multiexp, multiexp_vartime, BatchVerifier};
-use group::{
-  ff::{Field, PrimeField},
-  Group, GroupEncoding,
-};
-use curve25519_dalek::EdwardsPoint as DalekPoint;
-use dalek_ff_group::{Scalar, EdwardsPoint};
+use curve25519_dalek::{traits::Identity, scalar::Scalar, edwards::EdwardsPoint};
+
+use monero_primitives::{INV_EIGHT, Commitment, keccak256_to_scalar};

 use crate::{
-  Commitment,
-  ringct::{
-    bulletproofs::core::{MAX_M, N},
-    bulletproofs::plus::{
-      ScalarVector, PointVector, GeneratorsList, Generators,
-      transcript::*,
-      weighted_inner_product::{WipStatement, WipWitness, WipProof},
-      padded_pow_of_2, u64_decompose,
-    },
+  batch_verifier::BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier,
+  core::{MAX_M, N, multiexp, multiexp_vartime},
+  plus::{
+    ScalarVector, PointVector, GeneratorsList, BpPlusGenerators,
+    transcript::*,
+    weighted_inner_product::{WipStatement, WipWitness, WipProof},
+    padded_pow_of_2, u64_decompose,
  },
 };

 // Figure 3 of the Bulletproofs+ Paper
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct AggregateRangeStatement {
-  generators: Generators,
-  V: Vec<DalekPoint>,
+  generators: BpPlusGenerators,
+  V: Vec<EdwardsPoint>,
 }

 impl Zeroize for AggregateRangeStatement {
@@ -58,18 +51,29 @@ pub struct AggregateRangeProof {
  pub(crate) wip: WipProof,
 }

+struct AHatComputation {
+  y: Scalar,
+  d_descending_y_plus_z: ScalarVector,
+  y_mn_plus_one: Scalar,
+  z: Scalar,
+  z_pow: ScalarVector,
+  A_hat: EdwardsPoint,
+}
+
 impl AggregateRangeStatement {
-  pub(crate) fn new(V: Vec<DalekPoint>) -> Option<Self> {
+  pub(crate) fn new(V: Vec<EdwardsPoint>) -> Option<Self> {
    if V.is_empty() || (V.len() > MAX_M) {
      return None;
    }

-    Some(Self { generators: Generators::new(), V })
+    Some(Self { generators: BpPlusGenerators::new(), V })
  }

  fn transcript_A(transcript: &mut Scalar, A: EdwardsPoint) -> (Scalar, Scalar) {
-    let y = hash_to_scalar(&[transcript.to_repr().as_ref(), A.to_bytes().as_ref()].concat());
-    let z = hash_to_scalar(y.to_bytes().as_ref());
+    let y = keccak256_to_scalar(
+      [transcript.to_bytes().as_ref(), A.compress().to_bytes().as_ref()].concat(),
+    );
+    let z = keccak256_to_scalar(y.to_bytes().as_ref());
    *transcript = z;
    (y, z)
  }
@@ -88,10 +92,10 @@ impl AggregateRangeStatement {

  fn compute_A_hat(
    mut V: PointVector,
-    generators: &Generators,
+    generators: &BpPlusGenerators,
    transcript: &mut Scalar,
    mut A: EdwardsPoint,
-  ) -> (Scalar, ScalarVector, Scalar, Scalar, ScalarVector, EdwardsPoint) {
+  ) -> AHatComputation {
    let (y, z) = Self::transcript_A(transcript, A);
    A = A.mul_by_cofactor();

@@ -133,23 +137,23 @@ impl AggregateRangeStatement {
    let neg_z = -z;
    let mut A_terms = Vec::with_capacity((generators.len() * 2) + 2);
    for (i, d_y_z) in d_descending_y_plus_z.0.iter().enumerate() {
-      A_terms.push((neg_z, generators.generator(GeneratorsList::GBold1, i)));
-      A_terms.push((*d_y_z, generators.generator(GeneratorsList::HBold1, i)));
+      A_terms.push((neg_z, generators.generator(GeneratorsList::GBold, i)));
+      A_terms.push((*d_y_z, generators.generator(GeneratorsList::HBold, i)));
    }
    A_terms.push((y_mn_plus_one, commitment_accum));
    A_terms.push((
-      ((y_pows * z) - (d.sum() * y_mn_plus_one * z) - (y_pows * z.square())),
-      Generators::g(),
+      ((y_pows * z) - (d.sum() * y_mn_plus_one * z) - (y_pows * (z * z))),
+      BpPlusGenerators::g(),
    ));

-    (
+    AHatComputation {
      y,
      d_descending_y_plus_z,
      y_mn_plus_one,
      z,
-      ScalarVector(z_pow),
-      A + multiexp_vartime(&A_terms),
-    )
+      z_pow: ScalarVector(z_pow),
+      A_hat: A + multiexp_vartime(&A_terms),
+    }
  }

  pub(crate) fn prove<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
@@ -175,9 +179,9 @@ impl AggregateRangeStatement {
    // Commitments aren't transmitted INV_EIGHT though, so this multiplies by INV_EIGHT to enable
    // clearing its cofactor without mutating the value
    // For some reason, these values are transcripted * INV_EIGHT, not as transmitted
-    let V = V.into_iter().map(|V| V * crate::INV_EIGHT()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    let V = V.into_iter().map(|V| V * INV_EIGHT()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let mut transcript = initial_transcript(V.iter());
-    let mut V = V.into_iter().map(|V| EdwardsPoint(V.mul_by_cofactor())).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    let mut V = V.iter().map(EdwardsPoint::mul_by_cofactor).collect::<Vec<_>>();

    // Pad V
    while V.len() < padded_pow_of_2(V.len()) {
@@ -205,26 +209,26 @@ impl AggregateRangeStatement {

    let mut A_terms = Vec::with_capacity((generators.len() * 2) + 1);
    for (i, a_l) in a_l.0.iter().enumerate() {
-      A_terms.push((*a_l, generators.generator(GeneratorsList::GBold1, i)));
+      A_terms.push((*a_l, generators.generator(GeneratorsList::GBold, i)));
    }
    for (i, a_r) in a_r.0.iter().enumerate() {
-      A_terms.push((*a_r, generators.generator(GeneratorsList::HBold1, i)));
+      A_terms.push((*a_r, generators.generator(GeneratorsList::HBold, i)));
    }
-    A_terms.push((alpha, Generators::h()));
+    A_terms.push((alpha, BpPlusGenerators::h()));
    let mut A = multiexp(&A_terms);
    A_terms.zeroize();

    // Multiply by INV_EIGHT per earlier commentary
-    A.0 *= crate::INV_EIGHT();
+    A *= INV_EIGHT();

-    let (y, d_descending_y_plus_z, y_mn_plus_one, z, z_pow, A_hat) =
+    let AHatComputation { y, d_descending_y_plus_z, y_mn_plus_one, z, z_pow, A_hat } =
      Self::compute_A_hat(PointVector(V), &generators, &mut transcript, A);

    let a_l = a_l - z;
    let a_r = a_r + &d_descending_y_plus_z;
    let mut alpha = alpha;
    for j in 1 ..= witness.0.len() {
-      alpha += z_pow[j - 1] * Scalar(witness.0[j - 1].mask) * y_mn_plus_one;
+      alpha += z_pow[j - 1] * witness.0[j - 1].mask * y_mn_plus_one;
    }

    Some(AggregateRangeProof {
@@ -235,25 +239,22 @@ impl AggregateRangeStatement {
    })
  }

-  pub(crate) fn verify<Id: Copy + Zeroize, R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
+  pub(crate) fn verify<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
    self,
    rng: &mut R,
-    verifier: &mut BatchVerifier<Id, EdwardsPoint>,
-    id: Id,
+    verifier: &mut BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier,
    proof: AggregateRangeProof,
  ) -> bool {
    let Self { generators, V } = self;

-    let V = V.into_iter().map(|V| V * crate::INV_EIGHT()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    let V = V.into_iter().map(|V| V * INV_EIGHT()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let mut transcript = initial_transcript(V.iter());
-    // With the torsion clear, wrap it into a EdwardsPoint from dalek-ff-group
-    // (which is prime-order)
-    let V = V.into_iter().map(|V| EdwardsPoint(V.mul_by_cofactor())).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    let V = V.iter().map(EdwardsPoint::mul_by_cofactor).collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let generators = generators.reduce(V.len() * N);

-    let (y, _, _, _, _, A_hat) =
+    let AHatComputation { y, A_hat, .. } =
      Self::compute_A_hat(PointVector(V), &generators, &mut transcript, proof.A);
-    WipStatement::new(generators, A_hat, y).verify(rng, verifier, id, transcript, proof.wip)
+    WipStatement::new(generators, A_hat, y).verify(rng, verifier, transcript, proof.wip)
  }
 }
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/mod.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/mod.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #![allow(non_snake_case)]

-use group::Group;
-use dalek_ff_group::{Scalar, EdwardsPoint};
+use std_shims::sync::OnceLock;
+
+use curve25519_dalek::{constants::ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT, scalar::Scalar, edwards::EdwardsPoint};
+
+use monero_generators::{H, Generators};
+
+pub(crate) use crate::scalar_vector::ScalarVector;

-pub(crate) use crate::ringct::bulletproofs::scalar_vector::ScalarVector;
 mod point_vector;
 pub(crate) use point_vector::PointVector;

@@ -23,55 +27,51 @@ pub(crate) fn padded_pow_of_2(i: usize) -> usize {

 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
 pub(crate) enum GeneratorsList {
-  GBold1,
-  HBold1,
+  GBold,
+  HBold,
 }

 // TODO: Table these
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub(crate) struct Generators {
-  g_bold1: &'static [EdwardsPoint],
-  h_bold1: &'static [EdwardsPoint],
+pub(crate) struct BpPlusGenerators {
+  g_bold: &'static [EdwardsPoint],
+  h_bold: &'static [EdwardsPoint],
 }

-mod generators {
-  use std_shims::sync::OnceLock;
-  use monero_generators::Generators;
-  include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/generators_plus.rs"));
-}
+include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/generators_plus.rs"));

-impl Generators {
+impl BpPlusGenerators {
  #[allow(clippy::new_without_default)]
  pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
-    let gens = generators::GENERATORS();
-    Generators { g_bold1: &gens.G, h_bold1: &gens.H }
+    let gens = GENERATORS();
+    BpPlusGenerators { g_bold: &gens.G, h_bold: &gens.H }
  }

  pub(crate) fn len(&self) -> usize {
-    self.g_bold1.len()
+    self.g_bold.len()
  }

  pub(crate) fn g() -> EdwardsPoint {
-    dalek_ff_group::EdwardsPoint(crate::H())
+    H()
  }

  pub(crate) fn h() -> EdwardsPoint {
-    EdwardsPoint::generator()
+    ED25519_BASEPOINT_POINT
  }

  pub(crate) fn generator(&self, list: GeneratorsList, i: usize) -> EdwardsPoint {
    match list {
-      GeneratorsList::GBold1 => self.g_bold1[i],
-      GeneratorsList::HBold1 => self.h_bold1[i],
+      GeneratorsList::GBold => self.g_bold[i],
+      GeneratorsList::HBold => self.h_bold[i],
    }
  }

  pub(crate) fn reduce(&self, generators: usize) -> Self {
    // Round to the nearest power of 2
    let generators = padded_pow_of_2(generators);
-    assert!(generators <= self.g_bold1.len());
+    assert!(generators <= self.g_bold.len());

-    Generators { g_bold1: &self.g_bold1[.. generators], h_bold1: &self.h_bold1[.. generators] }
+    BpPlusGenerators { g_bold: &self.g_bold[.. generators], h_bold: &self.h_bold[.. generators] }
  }
 }

--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/point_vector.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/point_vector.rs
@@ -3,12 +3,10 @@ use std_shims::vec::Vec;

 use zeroize::{Zeroize, ZeroizeOnDrop};

-use dalek_ff_group::EdwardsPoint;
+use curve25519_dalek::edwards::EdwardsPoint;

 #[cfg(test)]
-use multiexp::multiexp;
-#[cfg(test)]
-use crate::ringct::bulletproofs::plus::ScalarVector;
+use crate::{core::multiexp, plus::ScalarVector};

 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Zeroize, ZeroizeOnDrop)]
 pub(crate) struct PointVector(pub(crate) Vec<EdwardsPoint>);
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/transcript.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/transcript.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+use std_shims::{sync::OnceLock, vec::Vec};
+
+use curve25519_dalek::{scalar::Scalar, edwards::EdwardsPoint};
+
+use monero_generators::hash_to_point;
+use monero_primitives::{keccak256, keccak256_to_scalar};
+
+// Monero starts BP+ transcripts with the following constant.
+static TRANSCRIPT_CELL: OnceLock<[u8; 32]> = OnceLock::new();
+pub(crate) fn TRANSCRIPT() -> [u8; 32] {
+  // Why this uses a hash_to_point is completely unknown.
+  *TRANSCRIPT_CELL
+    .get_or_init(|| hash_to_point(keccak256(b"bulletproof_plus_transcript")).compress().to_bytes())
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn initial_transcript(commitments: core::slice::Iter<'_, EdwardsPoint>) -> Scalar {
+  let commitments_hash =
+    keccak256_to_scalar(commitments.flat_map(|V| V.compress().to_bytes()).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+  keccak256_to_scalar([TRANSCRIPT().as_ref(), &commitments_hash.to_bytes()].concat())
+}
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/weighted_inner_product.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/plus/weighted_inner_product.rs
@@ -1,24 +1,21 @@
 use std_shims::vec::Vec;

 use rand_core::{RngCore, CryptoRng};
-
 use zeroize::{Zeroize, ZeroizeOnDrop};

-use multiexp::{BatchVerifier, multiexp, multiexp_vartime};
-use group::{
-  ff::{Field, PrimeField},
-  GroupEncoding,
-};
-use dalek_ff_group::{Scalar, EdwardsPoint};
+use curve25519_dalek::{scalar::Scalar, edwards::EdwardsPoint};

-use crate::ringct::bulletproofs::plus::{
-  ScalarVector, PointVector, GeneratorsList, Generators, padded_pow_of_2, transcript::*,
+use monero_primitives::{INV_EIGHT, keccak256_to_scalar};
+use crate::{
+  core::{multiexp, multiexp_vartime},
+  batch_verifier::BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier,
+  plus::{ScalarVector, PointVector, GeneratorsList, BpPlusGenerators, padded_pow_of_2},
 };

 // Figure 1 of the Bulletproofs+ paper
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct WipStatement {
-  generators: Generators,
+  generators: BpPlusGenerators,
  P: EdwardsPoint,
  y: ScalarVector,
 }
@@ -68,7 +65,7 @@ pub(crate) struct WipProof {
 }

 impl WipStatement {
-  pub(crate) fn new(generators: Generators, P: EdwardsPoint, y: Scalar) -> Self {
+  pub(crate) fn new(generators: BpPlusGenerators, P: EdwardsPoint, y: Scalar) -> Self {
    debug_assert_eq!(generators.len(), padded_pow_of_2(generators.len()));

    // y ** n
@@ -82,16 +79,26 @@ impl WipStatement {
  }

  fn transcript_L_R(transcript: &mut Scalar, L: EdwardsPoint, R: EdwardsPoint) -> Scalar {
-    let e = hash_to_scalar(
-      &[transcript.to_repr().as_ref(), L.to_bytes().as_ref(), R.to_bytes().as_ref()].concat(),
+    let e = keccak256_to_scalar(
+      [
+        transcript.to_bytes().as_ref(),
+        L.compress().to_bytes().as_ref(),
+        R.compress().to_bytes().as_ref(),
+      ]
+      .concat(),
    );
    *transcript = e;
    e
  }

  fn transcript_A_B(transcript: &mut Scalar, A: EdwardsPoint, B: EdwardsPoint) -> Scalar {
-    let e = hash_to_scalar(
-      &[transcript.to_repr().as_ref(), A.to_bytes().as_ref(), B.to_bytes().as_ref()].concat(),
+    let e = keccak256_to_scalar(
+      [
+        transcript.to_bytes().as_ref(),
+        A.compress().to_bytes().as_ref(),
+        B.compress().to_bytes().as_ref(),
+      ]
+      .concat(),
    );
    *transcript = e;
    e
@@ -119,7 +126,7 @@ impl WipStatement {
    debug_assert_eq!(g_bold1.len(), h_bold1.len());

    let e = Self::transcript_L_R(transcript, L, R);
-    let inv_e = e.invert().unwrap();
+    let inv_e = e.invert();

    // This vartime is safe as all of these arguments are public
    let mut new_g_bold = Vec::with_capacity(g_bold1.len());
@@ -133,8 +140,8 @@ impl WipStatement {
      new_h_bold.push(multiexp_vartime(&[(e, h_bold.0), (inv_e, h_bold.1)]));
    }

-    let e_square = e.square();
-    let inv_e_square = inv_e.square();
+    let e_square = e * e;
+    let inv_e_square = inv_e * inv_e;

    (e, inv_e, e_square, inv_e_square, PointVector(new_g_bold), PointVector(new_h_bold))
  }
@@ -177,7 +184,7 @@ impl WipStatement {

      // Sanity check since if the above failed to populate, it'd be critical
      for product in &products {
-        debug_assert!(!bool::from(product.is_zero()));
+        debug_assert!(*product != Scalar::ZERO);
      }
    }

@@ -197,12 +204,12 @@ impl WipStatement {
    if generators.len() != witness.a.len() {
      return None;
    }
-    let (g, h) = (Generators::g(), Generators::h());
+    let (g, h) = (BpPlusGenerators::g(), BpPlusGenerators::h());
    let mut g_bold = vec![];
    let mut h_bold = vec![];
    for i in 0 .. generators.len() {
-      g_bold.push(generators.generator(GeneratorsList::GBold1, i));
-      h_bold.push(generators.generator(GeneratorsList::HBold1, i));
+      g_bold.push(generators.generator(GeneratorsList::GBold, i));
+      h_bold.push(generators.generator(GeneratorsList::HBold, i));
    }
    let mut g_bold = PointVector(g_bold);
    let mut h_bold = PointVector(h_bold);
@@ -261,7 +268,7 @@ impl WipStatement {
      let c_r = (a2.clone() * y_n_hat).weighted_inner_product(&b1, &y);

      // TODO: Calculate these with a batch inversion
-      let y_inv_n_hat = y_n_hat.invert().unwrap();
+      let y_inv_n_hat = y_n_hat.invert();

      let mut L_terms = (a1.clone() * y_inv_n_hat)
        .0
@@ -271,7 +278,7 @@ impl WipStatement {
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
      L_terms.push((c_l, g));
      L_terms.push((d_l, h));
-      let L = multiexp(&L_terms) * Scalar(crate::INV_EIGHT());
+      let L = multiexp(&L_terms) * INV_EIGHT();
      L_vec.push(L);
      L_terms.zeroize();

@@ -283,7 +290,7 @@ impl WipStatement {
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
      R_terms.push((c_r, g));
      R_terms.push((d_r, h));
-      let R = multiexp(&R_terms) * Scalar(crate::INV_EIGHT());
+      let R = multiexp(&R_terms) * INV_EIGHT();
      R_vec.push(R);
      R_terms.zeroize();

@@ -316,33 +323,32 @@ impl WipStatement {

    let mut A_terms =
      vec![(r, g_bold[0]), (s, h_bold[0]), ((ry * b[0]) + (s * y[0] * a[0]), g), (delta, h)];
-    let A = multiexp(&A_terms) * Scalar(crate::INV_EIGHT());
+    let A = multiexp(&A_terms) * INV_EIGHT();
    A_terms.zeroize();

    let mut B_terms = vec![(ry * s, g), (eta, h)];
-    let B = multiexp(&B_terms) * Scalar(crate::INV_EIGHT());
+    let B = multiexp(&B_terms) * INV_EIGHT();
    B_terms.zeroize();

    let e = Self::transcript_A_B(&mut transcript, A, B);

    let r_answer = r + (a[0] * e);
    let s_answer = s + (b[0] * e);
-    let delta_answer = eta + (delta * e) + (alpha * e.square());
+    let delta_answer = eta + (delta * e) + (alpha * (e * e));

    Some(WipProof { L: L_vec, R: R_vec, A, B, r_answer, s_answer, delta_answer })
  }

-  pub(crate) fn verify<Id: Copy + Zeroize, R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
+  pub(crate) fn verify<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
    self,
    rng: &mut R,
-    verifier: &mut BatchVerifier<Id, EdwardsPoint>,
-    id: Id,
+    verifier: &mut BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier,
    mut transcript: Scalar,
    mut proof: WipProof,
  ) -> bool {
-    let WipStatement { generators, P, y } = self;
+    let verifier_weight = Scalar::random(rng);

-    let (g, h) = (Generators::g(), Generators::h());
+    let WipStatement { generators, P, y } = self;

    // Verify the L/R lengths
    {
@@ -359,7 +365,7 @@ impl WipStatement {
    }

    let inv_y = {
-      let inv_y = y[0].invert().unwrap();
+      let inv_y = y[0].invert();
      let mut res = Vec::with_capacity(y.len());
      res.push(inv_y);
      while res.len() < y.len() {
@@ -368,51 +374,49 @@ impl WipStatement {
      res
    };

-    let mut P_terms = vec![(Scalar::ONE, P)];
-    P_terms.reserve(6 + (2 * generators.len()) + proof.L.len());
+    let mut e_is = Vec::with_capacity(proof.L.len());
+    for (L, R) in proof.L.iter_mut().zip(proof.R.iter_mut()) {
+      e_is.push(Self::transcript_L_R(&mut transcript, *L, *R));
+      *L = L.mul_by_cofactor();
+      *R = R.mul_by_cofactor();
+    }
+
+    let e = Self::transcript_A_B(&mut transcript, proof.A, proof.B);
+    proof.A = proof.A.mul_by_cofactor();
+    proof.B = proof.B.mul_by_cofactor();
+    let neg_e_square = verifier_weight * -(e * e);
+
+    verifier.0.other.push((neg_e_square, P));

    let mut challenges = Vec::with_capacity(proof.L.len());
    let product_cache = {
-      let mut es = Vec::with_capacity(proof.L.len());
-      for (L, R) in proof.L.iter_mut().zip(proof.R.iter_mut()) {
-        es.push(Self::transcript_L_R(&mut transcript, *L, *R));
-        *L = L.mul_by_cofactor();
-        *R = R.mul_by_cofactor();
-      }
+      let mut inv_e_is = e_is.clone();
+      Scalar::batch_invert(&mut inv_e_is);

-      let mut inv_es = es.clone();
-      let mut scratch = vec![Scalar::ZERO; es.len()];
-      group::ff::BatchInverter::invert_with_external_scratch(&mut inv_es, &mut scratch);
-      drop(scratch);
-
-      debug_assert_eq!(es.len(), inv_es.len());
-      debug_assert_eq!(es.len(), proof.L.len());
-      debug_assert_eq!(es.len(), proof.R.len());
-      for ((e, inv_e), (L, R)) in
-        es.drain(..).zip(inv_es.drain(..)).zip(proof.L.iter().zip(proof.R.iter()))
+      debug_assert_eq!(e_is.len(), inv_e_is.len());
+      debug_assert_eq!(e_is.len(), proof.L.len());
+      debug_assert_eq!(e_is.len(), proof.R.len());
+      for ((e_i, inv_e_i), (L, R)) in
+        e_is.drain(..).zip(inv_e_is.drain(..)).zip(proof.L.iter().zip(proof.R.iter()))
      {
-        debug_assert_eq!(e.invert().unwrap(), inv_e);
+        debug_assert_eq!(e_i.invert(), inv_e_i);

-        challenges.push((e, inv_e));
+        challenges.push((e_i, inv_e_i));

-        let e_square = e.square();
-        let inv_e_square = inv_e.square();
-        P_terms.push((e_square, *L));
-        P_terms.push((inv_e_square, *R));
+        let e_i_square = e_i * e_i;
+        let inv_e_i_square = inv_e_i * inv_e_i;
+        verifier.0.other.push((neg_e_square * e_i_square, *L));
+        verifier.0.other.push((neg_e_square * inv_e_i_square, *R));
      }

      Self::challenge_products(&challenges)
    };

-    let e = Self::transcript_A_B(&mut transcript, proof.A, proof.B);
-    proof.A = proof.A.mul_by_cofactor();
-    proof.B = proof.B.mul_by_cofactor();
-    let neg_e_square = -e.square();
-
-    let mut multiexp = P_terms;
-    multiexp.reserve(4 + (2 * generators.len()));
-    for (scalar, _) in &mut multiexp {
-      *scalar *= neg_e_square;
+    while verifier.0.g_bold.len() < generators.len() {
+      verifier.0.g_bold.push(Scalar::ZERO);
+    }
+    while verifier.0.h_bold.len() < generators.len() {
+      verifier.0.h_bold.push(Scalar::ZERO);
    }

    let re = proof.r_answer * e;
@@ -421,23 +425,18 @@ impl WipStatement {
      if i > 0 {
        scalar *= inv_y[i - 1];
      }
-      multiexp.push((scalar, generators.generator(GeneratorsList::GBold1, i)));
+      verifier.0.g_bold[i] += verifier_weight * scalar;
    }

    let se = proof.s_answer * e;
    for i in 0 .. generators.len() {
-      multiexp.push((
-        se * product_cache[product_cache.len() - 1 - i],
-        generators.generator(GeneratorsList::HBold1, i),
-      ));
+      verifier.0.h_bold[i] += verifier_weight * (se * product_cache[product_cache.len() - 1 - i]);
    }

-    multiexp.push((-e, proof.A));
-    multiexp.push((proof.r_answer * y[0] * proof.s_answer, g));
-    multiexp.push((proof.delta_answer, h));
-    multiexp.push((-Scalar::ONE, proof.B));
-
-    verifier.queue(rng, id, multiexp);
+    verifier.0.other.push((verifier_weight * -e, proof.A));
+    verifier.0.g += verifier_weight * (proof.r_answer * y[0] * proof.s_answer);
+    verifier.0.h += verifier_weight * proof.delta_answer;
+    verifier.0.other.push((-verifier_weight, proof.B));

    true
  }
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/scalar_vector.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/scalar_vector.rs
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ use std_shims::vec::Vec;

 use zeroize::{Zeroize, ZeroizeOnDrop};

-use group::ff::Field;
-use dalek_ff_group::{Scalar, EdwardsPoint};
-use multiexp::multiexp;
+use curve25519_dalek::{scalar::Scalar, edwards::EdwardsPoint};
+
+use crate::core::multiexp;

 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Zeroize, ZeroizeOnDrop)]
 pub(crate) struct ScalarVector(pub(crate) Vec<Scalar>);
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/tests/mod.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/tests/mod.rs
@@ -2,14 +2,11 @@ use hex_literal::hex;
 use rand_core::OsRng;

 use curve25519_dalek::scalar::Scalar;
-use monero_io::decompress_point;
-use multiexp::BatchVerifier;

-use crate::{
-  Commitment,
-  ringct::bulletproofs::{Bulletproof, original::OriginalStruct},
-  wallet::TransactionError,
-};
+use monero_io::decompress_point;
+use monero_primitives::Commitment;
+
+use crate::{batch_verifier::BatchVerifier, original::OriginalStruct, Bulletproof, BulletproofError};

 mod plus;

@@ -24,7 +21,7 @@ fn bulletproofs_vector() {
    S: point(hex!("e1285960861783574ee2b689ae53622834eb0b035d6943103f960cd23e063fa0")),
    T1: point(hex!("4ea07735f184ba159d0e0eb662bac8cde3eb7d39f31e567b0fbda3aa23fe5620")),
    T2: point(hex!("b8390aa4b60b255630d40e592f55ec6b7ab5e3a96bfcdcd6f1cd1d2fc95f441e")),
-    taux: scalar(hex!("5957dba8ea9afb23d6e81cc048a92f2d502c10c749dc1b2bd148ae8d41ec7107")),
+    tau_x: scalar(hex!("5957dba8ea9afb23d6e81cc048a92f2d502c10c749dc1b2bd148ae8d41ec7107")),
    mu: scalar(hex!("923023b234c2e64774b820b4961f7181f6c1dc152c438643e5a25b0bf271bc02")),
    L: vec![
      point(hex!("c45f656316b9ebf9d357fb6a9f85b5f09e0b991dd50a6e0ae9b02de3946c9d99")),
@@ -65,7 +62,7 @@ macro_rules! bulletproofs_tests {
    #[test]
    fn $name() {
      // Create Bulletproofs for all possible output quantities
-      let mut verifier = BatchVerifier::new(16);
+      let mut verifier = BatchVerifier::new();
      for i in 1 ..= 16 {
        let commitments = (1 ..= i)
          .map(|i| Commitment::new(Scalar::random(&mut OsRng), u64::try_from(i).unwrap()))
@@ -79,9 +76,9 @@ macro_rules! bulletproofs_tests {

        let commitments = commitments.iter().map(Commitment::calculate).collect::<Vec<_>>();
        assert!(bp.verify(&mut OsRng, &commitments));
-        assert!(bp.batch_verify(&mut OsRng, &mut verifier, i, &commitments));
+        assert!(bp.batch_verify(&mut OsRng, &mut verifier, &commitments));
      }
-      assert!(verifier.verify_vartime());
+      assert!(verifier.verify());
    }

    #[test]
@@ -98,7 +95,7 @@ macro_rules! bulletproofs_tests {
          Bulletproof::prove(&mut OsRng, &commitments)
        })
        .unwrap_err(),
-        TransactionError::TooManyOutputs,
+        BulletproofError::TooManyCommitments,
      );
    }
  };
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/tests/plus/aggregate_range_proof.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/tests/plus/aggregate_range_proof.rs
@@ -1,30 +1,28 @@
 use rand_core::{RngCore, OsRng};

-use multiexp::BatchVerifier;
-use group::ff::Field;
-use dalek_ff_group::Scalar;
+use curve25519_dalek::Scalar;
+
+use monero_primitives::Commitment;

 use crate::{
-  Commitment,
-  ringct::bulletproofs::plus::aggregate_range_proof::{
-    AggregateRangeStatement, AggregateRangeWitness,
-  },
+  batch_verifier::BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier,
+  plus::aggregate_range_proof::{AggregateRangeStatement, AggregateRangeWitness},
 };

 #[test]
 fn test_aggregate_range_proof() {
-  let mut verifier = BatchVerifier::new(16);
+  let mut verifier = BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier::default();
  for m in 1 ..= 16 {
    let mut commitments = vec![];
    for _ in 0 .. m {
-      commitments.push(Commitment::new(*Scalar::random(&mut OsRng), OsRng.next_u64()));
+      commitments.push(Commitment::new(Scalar::random(&mut OsRng), OsRng.next_u64()));
    }
    let commitment_points = commitments.iter().map(Commitment::calculate).collect();
    let statement = AggregateRangeStatement::new(commitment_points).unwrap();
    let witness = AggregateRangeWitness::new(commitments).unwrap();

    let proof = statement.clone().prove(&mut OsRng, &witness).unwrap();
-    statement.verify(&mut OsRng, &mut verifier, (), proof);
+    statement.verify(&mut OsRng, &mut verifier, proof);
  }
-  assert!(verifier.verify_vartime());
+  assert!(verifier.verify());
 }
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/tests/plus/mod.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/tests/plus/mod.rs
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/tests/plus/weighted_inner_product.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs/src/tests/plus/weighted_inner_product.rs
@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@

 use rand_core::OsRng;

-use multiexp::BatchVerifier;
-use group::{ff::Field, Group};
-use dalek_ff_group::{Scalar, EdwardsPoint};
+use curve25519_dalek::{traits::Identity, scalar::Scalar, edwards::EdwardsPoint};

-use crate::ringct::bulletproofs::plus::{
-  ScalarVector, PointVector, GeneratorsList, Generators,
-  weighted_inner_product::{WipStatement, WipWitness},
+use crate::{
+  batch_verifier::BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier,
+  plus::{
+    ScalarVector, PointVector, GeneratorsList, BpPlusGenerators,
+    weighted_inner_product::{WipStatement, WipWitness},
+  },
 };

 #[test]
@@ -17,33 +18,33 @@ fn test_zero_weighted_inner_product() {
  let P = EdwardsPoint::identity();
  let y = Scalar::random(&mut OsRng);

-  let generators = Generators::new().reduce(1);
+  let generators = BpPlusGenerators::new().reduce(1);
  let statement = WipStatement::new(generators, P, y);
  let witness = WipWitness::new(ScalarVector::new(1), ScalarVector::new(1), Scalar::ZERO).unwrap();

  let transcript = Scalar::random(&mut OsRng);
  let proof = statement.clone().prove(&mut OsRng, transcript, &witness).unwrap();

-  let mut verifier = BatchVerifier::new(1);
-  statement.verify(&mut OsRng, &mut verifier, (), transcript, proof);
-  assert!(verifier.verify_vartime());
+  let mut verifier = BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier::default();
+  statement.verify(&mut OsRng, &mut verifier, transcript, proof);
+  assert!(verifier.verify());
 }

 #[test]
 fn test_weighted_inner_product() {
  // P = sum(g_bold * a, h_bold * b, g * (a * y * b), h * alpha)
-  let mut verifier = BatchVerifier::new(6);
-  let generators = Generators::new();
+  let mut verifier = BulletproofsPlusBatchVerifier::default();
+  let generators = BpPlusGenerators::new();
  for i in [1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32] {
    let generators = generators.reduce(i);
-    let g = Generators::g();
-    let h = Generators::h();
+    let g = BpPlusGenerators::g();
+    let h = BpPlusGenerators::h();
    assert_eq!(generators.len(), i);
    let mut g_bold = vec![];
    let mut h_bold = vec![];
    for i in 0 .. i {
-      g_bold.push(generators.generator(GeneratorsList::GBold1, i));
-      h_bold.push(generators.generator(GeneratorsList::HBold1, i));
+      g_bold.push(generators.generator(GeneratorsList::GBold, i));
+      h_bold.push(generators.generator(GeneratorsList::HBold, i));
    }
    let g_bold = PointVector(g_bold);
    let h_bold = PointVector(h_bold);
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ fn test_weighted_inner_product() {

    let transcript = Scalar::random(&mut OsRng);
    let proof = statement.clone().prove(&mut OsRng, transcript, &witness).unwrap();
-    statement.verify(&mut OsRng, &mut verifier, (), transcript, proof);
+    statement.verify(&mut OsRng, &mut verifier, transcript, proof);
  }
-  assert!(verifier.verify_vartime());
+  assert!(verifier.verify());
 }
--- a/coins/monero/ringct/clsag/Cargo.toml
+++ b/coins/monero/ringct/clsag/Cargo.toml
@@ -52,8 +52,6 @@ std = [
  "zeroize/std",
  "subtle/std",

-  "curve25519-dalek/precomputed-tables",
-
  "rand_chacha?/std",
  "transcript?/std",
  "group?/alloc",
--- a/coins/monero/src/bin/reserialize_chain.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/src/bin/reserialize_chain.rs
@@ -4,14 +4,12 @@ mod binaries {

  pub(crate) use curve25519_dalek::{scalar::Scalar, edwards::EdwardsPoint};

-  pub(crate) use multiexp::BatchVerifier;
-
  pub(crate) use serde::Deserialize;
  pub(crate) use serde_json::json;

  pub(crate) use monero_serai::{
    Commitment,
-    ringct::RctPrunable,
+    ringct::{RctPrunable, bulletproofs::batch_verifier::BatchVerifier},
    transaction::{Input, Transaction},
    block::Block,
    rpc::{RpcError, Rpc, HttpRpc},
@@ -95,7 +93,7 @@ mod binaries {
        all_txs.extend(txs.txs);
      }

-      let mut batch = BatchVerifier::new(block.txs.len());
+      let mut batch = BatchVerifier::new();
      for (tx_hash, tx_res) in block.txs.into_iter().zip(all_txs) {
        assert_eq!(
          tx_res.tx_hash,
@@ -135,7 +133,6 @@ mod binaries {
            assert!(bulletproofs.batch_verify(
              &mut rand_core::OsRng,
              &mut batch,
-              (),
              &tx.rct_signatures.base.commitments
            ));
          }
@@ -143,7 +140,6 @@ mod binaries {
            assert!(bulletproofs.batch_verify(
              &mut rand_core::OsRng,
              &mut batch,
-              (),
              &tx.rct_signatures.base.commitments
            ));

@@ -234,7 +230,7 @@ mod binaries {
          }
        }
      }
-      assert!(batch.verify_vartime());
+      assert!(batch.verify());
    }

    println!("Deserialized, hashed, and reserialized {block_i} with {txs_len} TXs");
--- a/coins/monero/src/ringct/bulletproofs/plus/transcript.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/src/ringct/bulletproofs/plus/transcript.rs
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-use std_shims::{sync::OnceLock, vec::Vec};
-
-use curve25519_dalek::EdwardsPoint;
-use dalek_ff_group::Scalar;
-
-use monero_generators::{hash_to_point as raw_hash_to_point};
-use crate::{hash, hash_to_scalar as dalek_hash};
-
-// Monero starts BP+ transcripts with the following constant.
-static TRANSCRIPT_CELL: OnceLock<[u8; 32]> = OnceLock::new();
-pub(crate) fn TRANSCRIPT() -> [u8; 32] {
-  // Why this uses a hash_to_point is completely unknown.
-  *TRANSCRIPT_CELL
-    .get_or_init(|| raw_hash_to_point(hash(b"bulletproof_plus_transcript")).compress().to_bytes())
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn hash_to_scalar(data: &[u8]) -> Scalar {
-  Scalar(dalek_hash(data))
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn initial_transcript(commitments: core::slice::Iter<'_, EdwardsPoint>) -> Scalar {
-  let commitments_hash =
-    hash_to_scalar(&commitments.flat_map(|V| V.compress().to_bytes()).collect::<Vec<_>>());
-  hash_to_scalar(&[TRANSCRIPT().as_ref(), &commitments_hash.to_bytes()].concat())
-}
--- a/coins/monero/src/ringct/mod.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/src/ringct/mod.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub use monero_clsag as clsag;
 /// BorromeanRange struct, along with verifying functionality.
 pub mod borromean;
 /// Bulletproofs(+) structs, along with proving and verifying functionality.
-pub mod bulletproofs;
+pub use monero_bulletproofs as bulletproofs;

 use crate::{
  Protocol,
--- a/coins/monero/src/tests/mod.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/src/tests/mod.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 mod unreduced_scalar;
-mod bulletproofs;
 mod address;
 mod seed;
 mod extra;
--- a/coins/monero/src/wallet/send/mod.rs
+++ b/coins/monero/src/wallet/send/mod.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ use crate::{
  ringct::{
    generate_key_image,
    clsag::{ClsagError, ClsagContext, Clsag},
-    bulletproofs::{MAX_OUTPUTS, Bulletproof},
+    bulletproofs::{MAX_COMMITMENTS, Bulletproof},
    RctBase, RctPrunable, RctSignatures,
  },
  transaction::{Input, Output, Timelock, TransactionPrefix, Transaction},
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ impl SignableTransaction {
    let out_amount = payments.iter().map(|payment| payment.1).sum::<u64>();

    let outputs = payments.len() + usize::from(change.address.is_some());
-    if outputs > MAX_OUTPUTS {
+    if outputs > MAX_COMMITMENTS {
      Err(TransactionError::TooManyOutputs)?;
    }

@@ -803,7 +803,7 @@ impl SignableTransaction {
    let commitments = outputs.iter().map(|output| output.commitment.clone()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let sum = commitments.iter().map(|commitment| commitment.mask).sum();

-    // Safe due to the constructor checking MAX_OUTPUTS
+    // Safe due to the constructor checking MAX_COMMITMENTS
    let bp = if self.protocol.bp_plus() {
      Bulletproof::prove_plus(rng, commitments.clone()).unwrap()
    } else {
--- a/tests/no-std/Cargo.toml
+++ b/tests/no-std/Cargo.toml
@@ -39,4 +39,5 @@ monero-io = { path = "../../coins/monero/io", default-features = false }
 monero-generators = { path = "../../coins/monero/generators", default-features = false }
 monero-primitives = { path = "../../coins/monero/primitives", default-features = false }
 monero-clsag = { path = "../../coins/monero/ringct/clsag", default-features = false }
+monero-bulletproofs = { path = "../../coins/monero/ringct/bulletproofs", default-features = false }
 monero-serai = { path = "../../coins/monero", default-features = false }